Numeracy as applied mathematics

Numbers and problem-solving are part of both numeracy and mathematics, but approached differently – mathematics is the study of abstract numerical concepts such as patterns, relationships and structures, and numeracy (or ‘numerical literacy’) is mathematics applied in daily life and work.

Numeracy involves interpreting numerical information in everyday contexts, making decisions based on numerical data and reasoning or problem-solving with numbers. Adults with better numeracy skills are more likely to be employed, earn a higher wage and report better health and life satisfaction than those with lower numeracy skills.

Numeracy in everyday life and the world of work

Mathematics teaches logical thinking and problem-solving, breaking down complex problems into manageable steps. Numeracy skills give pupils the ability to apply these tools in the real world. For example, the Measure me up! Erasmus+ project taught students real-world application of mathematics by exploring the ways measurement has been used  through history.

Mathematics teaches pupils how to approach problems methodically. When learning arithmetic, children learn how to break down complex tasks into smaller, manageable steps in a way that is applicable to daily life (e.g. calculating change when shopping or measuring ingredients while cooking).

Logical reasoning is the ability to analyse information, recognise patterns and draw conclusions. Children can practice logical thinking through exercises like sequencing numbers, identifying shapes and understanding patterns.

These foundational skills enhance analytical thinking, which is crucial in technology, engineering and business, but also helps people make sound judgments in daily life, from planning schedules to evaluating risks.

The PROPER probability around us – probability for everyone project developed a game-based method for teaching the concept of probability to mathematics pupils. Knowledge of probability supports informed decision-making by enabling people to interpret data and make calculated risks in their life decisions.

Financial literacy is crucial in managing personal finances – understanding income, expenses, savings and loans. The ability to balance a budget, calculate rates, make longer-term financial plans and strategic decisions are more advanced aspects of numeracy in personal life and can unlock more lucrative professional employment. Numerical problem-solving (budgeting, analysing data or optimising processes) is a core skill in many contemporary jobs. 

Advanced numeracy opens doors to professions

The increasing role of technology across industries requires abilities that are built on basic mathematics skills, especially in fields that involve coding, algorithms and data analysis, but also finance, engineering, architecture and data science.

Even outside traditional ‘maths-heavy’ careers, jobs like project management, culinary arts, sales and administration require numeracy for planning, logistics, inventory and data interpretation. Being numerate enables professionals to effectively communicate data, results or findings – it’s easier to explain financial performance, marketing effectiveness or product analysis when you have a strong grasp of numbers.